Window Wells

The International Residential Code (IRC), section 310 specifies requirements for basement egress and rescue openings.

(IRC) 310.1 Emergency escape and rescue opening required

Basements, habitable attics and every sleeping room shall have not less than one operable emergency escape and rescue opening. Where basements contain one or more sleeping rooms, an emergency escape and rescue opening shall be required in each sleeping room. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall open directly into a public way, or to a yard or court that opens to a public way

This is typically achieved using a window that meets the minimum criteria of the subsequent code sections which specify the dimensional requirements for these openings.

• Operational constraints and control devices
• Minimum opening area
• Window sill heights
• window wells

As these openings are typically below grade, in most cases a window well is necessary and the code outlines several characteristics and dimensional provisions that are required for them in section 310.2.3.

• Ladder and steps
• Proper drainage

While there are several construction methods for building a window well to meet the code, a simple solution for new construction is to form a poured concrete well that is integral to the foundation as it’s being installed. This is a very durable solution and is well suited to avoid drainage issues as the foundation footing drains encompass this structure. A steel ladder can be permanently attached and if desired, railings can be added to the top of the well wall for added safety.

William Fitzpatrick

Project Manager